Aerating device



Oct. .17, 1939.

J. LOCKEY 2,176,558

AERAT ING DEVI 0E Original Filed Jan. 6, 1953 INVENTOR Patented Oct. 17, 1939 UNITED STATES amass V asaa'rmo navroa 1 James Loc key. Epsom, England, alsignor to Standard Brands Incorporated, New York. N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Original application January '6, 1933,8151 No. 650,516. Divided and this applioatlon luly #0,

1937, Serial No. 154,577

3 Claims. .(Ol. 261-122) This invention relates to devices for the aeration of liquids and dispersion of iluids and, more particularly, to such devices'which can readily be utilized in processes of yeast manufacture.

I This application is a division of my copending application Serial Number 650,516, filed January 6, 1933, now Patent No. 2,104,330 dated January 4, 1938.

A general object of the invention is to provide 10 a device that will effectively produce an intimate contact between fiuids and liquids to insure eflective chemical reactions, such for example, as is required for hydrogenation in the liquid phase by means of hydrogen or for oxidation in the liquid phase by means of oxygen.

Another object of the invention is to provide a device that will efilciently disperse fluids in a finely divided spray so that a maximum amount of the substance to be treated may be completely D and evenly acted upon to a like degree.

Another and more specific object is to provide a dispersion device whereby the quantity of fluid being dispersed can adequately and effectively be regulated by controlling the dimensions between ll the escape of passages through which the fiuid is finally diil'used.

Other objects of the invention will in part be obvious and will in part appear hereinafter.

1 The invention accordingly comprises the features of construction, combination of elements, r and arrangement of parts, which will be exemplified in the construction hereinafter set forth and the scope of the application of which will be in- 'dicated in the claims.

I For a fuller understanding of the nature and objects of the invention, reference should be had to the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, in which:

3 The sole figure is a fragmentary longitudinal view, partly in section, of a simple embodiment of the invention.

Heretofore it was customary to use perforated pipes, porous plates, or masses of broken matei rials to subdivide the fluid into numerous jets or bubbles. In such devices, however, the escape passages are either objectionably large, so that the fluid is ejected in stream-like jets which are not evenly distributed over the proper area, or

I if small are liable to become clogged rapidly, while the clearing of the passages is a laborious and difiicult if not impracticable operation.

- Referring more particularly to the drawing the dispersion device as shown consists of a hollow body or conduit preferably a pipe it having suitably disposed perforations Enveloping this pipe is a second pipe I! having a spirally running slit therein or a bar or wire rectangularly shaped in crosssection and concentrically wound to form such slit as at it. This second pipe is fitted with I sufilcient snugness to control the e of fiuid escaping from the perforations in the enveloped pipe It but without preventing the latter from being movable and adjustable with respect to it.

Around the pipe I! a bar in the form of a wire M is closely wound as a second enveloping layer in a manner sufilcient to envelop the same and further control the fluid escaping from the slits l 3.

As will be understood, a fiuid forced into such pipe will pass out through the perforations and 1 be divided into numerous thin sheets in making its way between the coils of the wire envelope. Obviously, in place of the rows of perforations, the pipe may be formed with longitudinal slits.

. A pipe apertured and enveloped in wire, as above described, and immersed in the liquid to be aerated may be used as the sole means of aeration or a group of such pipes may be arranged upon a main feed pipe'to extend as a grid or otherwise between two or more main as pipes.

In all cases the material used in constructing the dispersion device is selected with due regard to the liquid in which it is immersed. It may be suitably coated to render it innocuous or may be 80 so selected as to act also as a catalyst or may be coated with catalytic material in the case of reactions depending on catalytic action.

The wire envelope may be composed of material having a coemcient of thermal expansion as similar to or different (i. e., greater) from that of the material constituting the hollow body portion of the device.

In operation, a fluid forced through an appropriate opening and thence through the pipe 40 I0 is allowed to escape under pressure through the escape passages formed by the apertures II, and the narrow crevices formed by the closely and adjacently wound turns of wire surrounding the pipes. Obviously, because of the contiguous convolutions of wire which tends to retard it, and between which appear minute and infinite number of escape means, the escaping fluid is necessarily so controlled as to be evenly and completely disseminated in a fan-like spray over a maximum an area resulting in an intimate contact between dispersing fluid and liquid not heretofore attainable. With such type of construction, clogging of small or large perforations is largely eliminated because of the difficulty of liquid substances 5 closely wound adjacent turns 01' wire as readily as clogging would occur where relatively small periorations may be used without any enveloping 'or protective covering.

Since certain changes may be made in the above construction and difierent embodiments of the invention could be made without departing from the scope thereof, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawing shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. A device for the aeration of liquids containing yeast particles in suspension and for dispersion oi fiuids comprising two relatively movable pipes, one disposed within the other, each provided with escape passages formed by suitably disposed perforations in one of the said pipes. and a spirally running slit in the other of said pipes, a layer of adjacently wound wire enveloping the outer of said pipes, the spacings between the adlacent convolutions o! the enveloping .wire controlling the discharge from the escape passages, and said spacings being of a width which is insumcient to permit the entry of particles to said escape passages.

escape passages.

arrests persion oi fluids comprising a pipe having escape 'es formed by suitably disposed perforations. a layer of adiacently wound slit forming wire rectangularly shaped in cross section enveloping said pipe, a second layer of adiacently wound wire enveloping said first named layer, the spacings between the adjacent convolutions o! the enveloping wires controlling the discharge from the escape passages. and said spacings being of a width which is insufiicient to permit the entry of particles to said escape passages.

3. A device for the aeration of liquids containing yeast particles in suspension and tor dispersion o1 fluids, comprising a pipe having suitably disposed escape passages, and a tightly fitting enveloping pipe having a spirally running slit therein forming escape passages communicating with said first named pipe, said enveloping pipe having a coefiicient of expansion difiering from that of said enveloped pipe and adapted to control the discharge from the escape passages of said first named pipe as well as the discharge Irom the spirally running slit of said enveloping pipe. and a layer or wire wound to form a pipe about said enveloping pipe, the spirally running slit and the spacings between the windings of said wire being of a width insumclent to permit the entry of particles to said JALIES LOCKEY CERTIFICATE or CORRECTION.

Patent No. 2,176,558.

JAMES LOCKEY.

October 17, 1939.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 1, first column, line 25, strike out the word "of" after "63cape";,and s n 1-,

umn, line 1 9, for "completely" read competently; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 111th day of November, A. D. 1959.

(Seal) Henry Van Arsdale, Acting Commissioner of Patents.

closely wound adjacent turns 01' wire as readily as clogging would occur where relatively small periorations may be used without any enveloping 'or protective covering.

Since certain changes may be made in the above construction and difierent embodiments of the invention could be made without departing from the scope thereof, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawing shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. A device for the aeration of liquids containing yeast particles in suspension and for dispersion oi fiuids comprising two relatively movable pipes, one disposed within the other, each provided with escape passages formed by suitably disposed perforations in one of the said pipes. and a spirally running slit in the other of said pipes, a layer of adjacently wound wire enveloping the outer of said pipes, the spacings between the adlacent convolutions o! the enveloping .wire controlling the discharge from the escape passages, and said spacings being of a width which is insumcient to permit the entry of particles to said escape passages.

escape passages.

arrests persion oi fluids comprising a pipe having escape 'es formed by suitably disposed perforations. a layer of adiacently wound slit forming wire rectangularly shaped in cross section enveloping said pipe, a second layer of adiacently wound wire enveloping said first named layer, the spacings between the adjacent convolutions o! the enveloping wires controlling the discharge from the escape passages. and said spacings being of a width which is insufiicient to permit the entry of particles to said escape passages.

3. A device for the aeration of liquids containing yeast particles in suspension and tor dispersion o1 fluids, comprising a pipe having suitably disposed escape passages, and a tightly fitting enveloping pipe having a spirally running slit therein forming escape passages communicating with said first named pipe, said enveloping pipe having a coefiicient of expansion difiering from that of said enveloped pipe and adapted to control the discharge from the escape passages of said first named pipe as well as the discharge Irom the spirally running slit of said enveloping pipe. and a layer or wire wound to form a pipe about said enveloping pipe, the spirally running slit and the spacings between the windings of said wire being of a width insumclent to permit the entry of particles to said JALIES LOCKEY CERTIFICATE or CORRECTION.

Patent No. 2,176,558.

JAMES LOCKEY.

October 17, 1939.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 1, first column, line 25, strike out the word "of" after "63cape";,and s n 1-,

umn, line 1 9, for "completely" read competently; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 111th day of November, A. D. 1959.

(Seal) Henry Van Arsdale, Acting Commissioner of Patents. 

